Fun Lab Wednesday

Agenda:

·        Hand in double bubble map

·        Finish discussing Darwin

·        Breakfast for the Birds (UP 4-8)

Homework:

·        Finish UP 4-8- tomorrow

·        HW pass- Tuesday

·        TV ad- 2/28

As bailey said yesterday the TV ad is about raising taxes to protect and endangered species that you get to choose. You have to make a TV commercial either defending or going against it. There are a few requirements, which are the following:

1.      Be persuasive

2.      Must have scientific info

3.      Keep the audience amused with jokes or something or pull at their hearts like the sad dog commercials

4.      Be creative

5.      At least 2 minutes

6.      Show your awesome faces!

Today in class we started off by continuing our notes on Darwin who as most of us no is credited for the theory of evolution.

Darwin’s Assumptions:

·        Overproduction

Ø  More offspring are produced than will survive

·        Struggle for existence

Ø  Predation and competition

·        Survival of the fittest (Natural selection)

Ø  Individuals best suited for the environment will survive, reproduce, and pass on traits to their offspring

·        Variations

Ø  Differences among members of the same species

·        Descent with Modification

Ø  Principle that species change but descend from common ancestors

For the rest of class after we finished our notes, we started an awesome lab that you should have been there for. You either got pliers, forceps, a slotted spoon, or a staple remover and you went around to different stations to try to pick things up. This showed how some birds are better than eating some things other than what that bird is eating. To find out more about the lab go to pages 4-8 in your UP. Overall this was a great class, the best of the week!!!!!

Our next scribe will be Emma B.

It's a Friday!!!

Agenda:
1. Take u UP 28-31 with stamp sheet
2. Star/Wish/Attendance
3. DOD #7
4. Go over UP 22-25
5. Discuss Immune System, go over UP 28-31
6. Begin homework if time

The first thing that we did was to go over the disese of the day which was Lyme Disease. The agent of disease is Bacteria. The interesting anf Important Facts are that bullseye rash appear, vector born disease (tick), treated with antibiotices, and prevented by proper clothing, and that death is rare.

The second thing we did was to go over UP 22-25. The answers are as follows...
Pg. 24
5. D
6. A,D, C
7. Antibiotic A: Monday evening
Antibiotic B: Never
Antibiotic C Thursday evening
Antibiotic D: Monday afternoon

We then took some notes. At first we used the chart that we made on Thursday, but then we went off of that and took some other notes. you can look at the last scribe (Hannah's) if want to look at the chart. The only thing that we added was that under B-cells we added antigens/antibodies. Here is the other notes that we took:
Humoral Immunity:
B- lymphocytes (B-cells) recognize antigens which are present on pathogens
B-cells produce plasma cells and memory B-cells
Plasma cells release antibodies
Memory B-cells remember the antigen so antibodies will be produced rapidly nest time

Antibodies:
Antibodies bind to antigens
Antibodies mark antigens for destruction by the macrophages
Very specific
Proteins found on the surface of the cell

Cell Mediated Immunity:
T-cells attack body cells that are cancerous or infected with viruses
Killer T-cells (cytotoxic, T subscript c) kill infected cells or foreign tissue
Help T-cells (T subscript h) signal (stimulate) killer T-cells and memory B-cells


The last thing that we did in class was the go over UP 28-31. Following are the answers to the pages.
Pg. 28:
Cell: B-cell
Function: Matures in the bone marrow and releases antibodies
Cell: Suppressor T cells
Function: Slows down or stops the activities of B-cells and other T-cells once the danger of the infection has passed
Cell: Antibody
Function: Protein that attacks antigens
-Paralyze
-Clump
-Mark for destruction
Cell: Helper T-cells
Function: Identifies foreign cells in the body. Stimulates the other cells to fight infection
Cell: T-cell
Function: Matures in the Thymous and fights infected body cells
Cell: Killer T-cells
Function: Transfers special proteins into the cell membrane of a pathogen that cause a cell to rupture and die. Involved in the rejection of transplanted tissues.
1. How does the shape of an antibody affect its functioning?
It is very specific
2. What is agglutination and what role do antibody molecules play in the process?
Agglutination is the clumping of bacteria, red blood cells, or other cells, due to the introduction of an antibody

Pg. 29:
3. What is a secondary response and which cells are involved in such a response?
If a pathogen pasts the skin, the 2nd lone steps in. Memory cells.
4.Which cells from the chart is involved in cell-mediated immunity?
T-cells
5. HIV, the virus that cause AIDS, attaches to receptors on the surfaces of a type of cells that appears in the chart. Which cell is involved in this process?
Helper T-cells

We did not have time to do our homework in class.

Homework:
Postcard- Monday
UP 32- Monday
UP 37-42- Monday
Read 35.4 by Tuesday
Test Tuesday (Look at labs, read chapters, notes, objectives in packet)

The next scribe will be Daniel A.

Air Station Praire!!!!

On Saturday I went to the Air Station Prairie. I thought that I was going to be cutting branches, but instead I got to collect seeds from blue stem grass. When we meet at the prairie we had to walk a little bit to even get to the part where we were going. At first we were told to strip the seeds off of the blue stem, but later on we got this really sharp root tool thing that we got to cut the blue stem with. It was a lot of fun until it started to rain and it went downhill from there. I was about to give up, but they called break time and they actually had a lot of good food. We worked for a little bit after that and then it started to downpour, so the thing got canceled a little early. If you go into the center that they have at the entrance of the prairie, you can find some really neat things. For example, the counter tops are made out of sunflower seeds and the drawers are made out of wheat. If you have some free time over the weekend I encourage you to at least make an attempt to go because it is pretty fun and you get extra credit!

Fisherman's Viewpoint

It's A Monday Friday!

Agenda:
1) Take out Double Bubble Map and Stamp sheet
2) Star/Wish- Attendance
3) Discuss Succession with video clip
4) Begin Biome Chart

Today, our class focused mostly on succession. The first thing in class that we did was to answer a few questions on a food chain. There was four levels in this food chain. The first level was grass, the second was a cricket, the third was a rat, and the fourth was a owl.

1) Q: List the autotrophs.
A: Grass
2) Q: Which is the secondary source?
A: Cricket
3) Q: How many trophic levels are there?
A: 4
4) Q: How much energy is available to the owl if the grass has 8,000? Reminder: As you move up each level 90% of the energy is lost, so only 10% is pasted onto the next level.
A: 8

We then took out our Double Bubble Map and went over it. The Double Bubble Map contained the topics of Primary Succession and Secondary Succession, which are both ecological successions. After the Double Bubble Map, we looked at a picture that showed how a forest could change from the pioneer stage, to the intermediate stage, to the "climax community". The pioneer stage is when the land is bare rock, lichens begin soil formation, moses and annual plants, grasses and small perennial plants. The intermediate stage is a meadow that includes shrubs and cottonwoods and softwood pines. The "climax community" is dense forest (beech and maple). We then took notes on the Aquatic Succession.

Aquatic Succession:
1) A pond is not a "climax community"
2) Overtime a pond will fill in to become a marsh or meadow

We then watched a short clip on succession. From the video we learned that plants can grow in some cracks because lichens develop soil in the crack and then the wind and animals eat seeds and poop them out in the cracks. After that we took more notes, but this time they were on Biomes.

Biomes:
1) Terrestrial communities covering a large area
-similar soil, climate, plants, and animals
2) Temperature and precipitation determine the climate

We got the rest of class to work on our homework.

Definitions:
1) Primary Succession- Succession that occurs in an area in which no trace of a previous community is present

2) Secondary Succession- Type of succession that occurs in an are that was only partially destroyed by disturbance

3) Ecological Succession- Series of gradual changes that occur in a community following a disturbance

4) Pioneer Species- First species to populate an area during succession

5) Lichen- Symbiotic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism

6) Climatogram- A chart that shows temperature and percipitation in any given area

Homework:
1) Finish Biome Chart (UP 29-30)
2) GOLD sheet- Section 4.2- Don't forget that it is double sided!
3) 10 images of oil spill due Tuesday, you and your partner must have 10 separate pictures!

Our next scribe will be Steven.