DON'T YOU JUST LOVE MONDAYS?

Before I start my fantastical blog, I would like to apologize for this late blog post.

11/08/10
Agenda:
1) Hand in UP page 32+ UP pages 37-42
2) Finish notes
3) Review Questions

We started off class by handing in our homework and we moved onto finish our notes. Mrs. Stein has lost her voice so I hope she's a bit better now. We finished up our Immune System tree map.

IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS
ALLERGIES

-Overreaction of the immune system
-Mast cells produce HISTAMINES (Chemicals which increase blood flow and fluid production [mucus, tears, etc.]).
-Signals inflammation

AUTOIMMUNE DISORDER

-Immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells
-Type 1 diabetes rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis

IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASE

-AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) was 1st observed in the late 1970's
-AIDS is caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
-Why is HIV so problematic?
-It evades the defenses of the immune system
-It destroys helper T-cells

HIV VIRUS - RNA VIRUS

-Uses DNA as the templates to form DNA
-These viruses are called RETROVIRUSES
-Transmission
-Blood and body fluids
-Detection of HIV - Presence of HIV Antibodies
-Effects on the body
-Helper T-cells cannot activate B-cells and T-cells
-Can't fight of disease

Homework:
1) TEST TOMORROW
1) Homework pass by Wednesday

Our next scribe is Emma

It's a Friday!!!

Agenda:
1. Take u UP 28-31 with stamp sheet
2. Star/Wish/Attendance
3. DOD #7
4. Go over UP 22-25
5. Discuss Immune System, go over UP 28-31
6. Begin homework if time

The first thing that we did was to go over the disese of the day which was Lyme Disease. The agent of disease is Bacteria. The interesting anf Important Facts are that bullseye rash appear, vector born disease (tick), treated with antibiotices, and prevented by proper clothing, and that death is rare.

The second thing we did was to go over UP 22-25. The answers are as follows...
Pg. 24
5. D
6. A,D, C
7. Antibiotic A: Monday evening
Antibiotic B: Never
Antibiotic C Thursday evening
Antibiotic D: Monday afternoon

We then took some notes. At first we used the chart that we made on Thursday, but then we went off of that and took some other notes. you can look at the last scribe (Hannah's) if want to look at the chart. The only thing that we added was that under B-cells we added antigens/antibodies. Here is the other notes that we took:
Humoral Immunity:
B- lymphocytes (B-cells) recognize antigens which are present on pathogens
B-cells produce plasma cells and memory B-cells
Plasma cells release antibodies
Memory B-cells remember the antigen so antibodies will be produced rapidly nest time

Antibodies:
Antibodies bind to antigens
Antibodies mark antigens for destruction by the macrophages
Very specific
Proteins found on the surface of the cell

Cell Mediated Immunity:
T-cells attack body cells that are cancerous or infected with viruses
Killer T-cells (cytotoxic, T subscript c) kill infected cells or foreign tissue
Help T-cells (T subscript h) signal (stimulate) killer T-cells and memory B-cells


The last thing that we did in class was the go over UP 28-31. Following are the answers to the pages.
Pg. 28:
Cell: B-cell
Function: Matures in the bone marrow and releases antibodies
Cell: Suppressor T cells
Function: Slows down or stops the activities of B-cells and other T-cells once the danger of the infection has passed
Cell: Antibody
Function: Protein that attacks antigens
-Paralyze
-Clump
-Mark for destruction
Cell: Helper T-cells
Function: Identifies foreign cells in the body. Stimulates the other cells to fight infection
Cell: T-cell
Function: Matures in the Thymous and fights infected body cells
Cell: Killer T-cells
Function: Transfers special proteins into the cell membrane of a pathogen that cause a cell to rupture and die. Involved in the rejection of transplanted tissues.
1. How does the shape of an antibody affect its functioning?
It is very specific
2. What is agglutination and what role do antibody molecules play in the process?
Agglutination is the clumping of bacteria, red blood cells, or other cells, due to the introduction of an antibody

Pg. 29:
3. What is a secondary response and which cells are involved in such a response?
If a pathogen pasts the skin, the 2nd lone steps in. Memory cells.
4.Which cells from the chart is involved in cell-mediated immunity?
T-cells
5. HIV, the virus that cause AIDS, attaches to receptors on the surfaces of a type of cells that appears in the chart. Which cell is involved in this process?
Helper T-cells

We did not have time to do our homework in class.

Homework:
Postcard- Monday
UP 32- Monday
UP 37-42- Monday
Read 35.4 by Tuesday
Test Tuesday (Look at labs, read chapters, notes, objectives in packet)

The next scribe will be Daniel A.

Immune System!

Todays Agenda:
-Got Stamps for Tree Map and UP 22-25
-Star and Wish
-DOD #7
-Begin Immune System Divisions
-"Flu Fiction"


Today in class we learned about the Disease of the Day #7 which was Pneumonia what you need to know for your chart is...
Agent of Disease: Bacteria, Fungi, and Virus
-Transmitted by casual contact (mucus and saliva)
-It is a Lung infection(inflammation of Lungs)
-treated by antibiotics

Next we worked on going over the Tree Map we completed for homework, here is a basic example of what the outline should look like, also what we covered in class.


(sorry it is a bit blurry)
Homework:
1. UP 28-31 due Friday November 5 (use your book for help!)
2. Post Card due November 8
REMEMBER:
BIO DAY TOMORROW meet in Auditorium
also Test on November 9

Our next scribe is Josh Just

Tuberculosis Tuesday!!

In Class:

First, we handed in our labs which was pages 13-18 in the unit packet. Next, we started learning about our disease of the day, which was tuberculosis. The agent of this disease is bacteria and is spread through the air. It infects the lungs and then is spread it brain, kidney, and spine. Also, there is alot of antibiotic resistance. Then, we took some notes on antibiotic resistances and how much mutation and conjugation can make bacteria resistant.

This picture shows hows the pump can shoot the antibiotic out of the bacteria and other ways bacteria can be resisted.

HOMEWORK:

Postcard- Due November 8th

Test- November 9th

Hannah is the next scribe

Malaria Monday

Today in class...

Today in class, we finished our two labs with the bacteria that we started on Friday. On Friday the lab groups went around and collected bacteria with cotton swabs. We collected 4 samples from 4 different places. Then we put the samples in a petrie dish. After the petrie dishes were in incubation for 24-48 hours we took them out and saw how much bacteria had grown on them. My lab group had a very interesting outcome.

On Friday we collected samples from the steps of the new pit, the door handle of the library, the boys' bathroom and then we had a control sample. Today when we looked at our petrie dishes we saw that the petrie dish from the stairs had the most bacteria growing on it.

We also finished the second lab that we started Friday using antibiotics. On Friday, we put peppercorn broth on the petrie dish and then we added 4 different antibiotics in different sections on the petrie dish. After incubation we saw the results today. For my group, the neomycin had the strongest impact on the bacteria.

Today we also had our Disease of the day.

Today our disease of the day was...

Malaria

-The agent of disease is protist

-transmitted by mosquito bites

-attacks the human liver

-prevented by bug repellents and reduction of standing water

Homework...

- finish UP 13-18- due tomorrow

-read section 35.2 and 1st page of 35.3 about immune systems and use the note taking skill tree maps-due Wednesday

reminders...

-postcard is due next Monday November 8

-Test next Tuesday November 9

The next scribe is Sam

Halloween Friday!!!

Agenda:

Disease of the Day #3

Go over homework

Bacteria Lab

Class Wrap- Up:

Today we started class by going over the disease of the day which was: influenza. We learned that it is transmitted by saliva and can't be killed the symptoms can only be treated. We also learned that we could prevent it by getting vaccinated. After, that we went over UP page 12 which was due today and discussed questions that anyone had about it. Then, we started our bacteria lab. For the lab we had to take cotton swabs and rub commonly used places to gently remove the bacteria. We then rubbed it in to the petri dish that had agar, a sterilizer on it. My group tested the new pit stairs, the boys bathroom, and the door knob in the IMC. They will be sterilized over the weekend and when we come back on Monday we will see how much bacteria there was. After that, we took a bacteria concentrated liquid and rub it on agar as well. We put 3 different antibiotics, Neomycin, Streptomycin, and Tetracycline in areas around the petri dish ad left one to be a control group. We will also check our results on Monday.

The Homework for the weekend is:

Postcard- Due on 11.8.10

20.3- With double bubble map "Viral vs. Bacterial Disease"-Due Monday

UP 13-18 - Due Tuesday

Our next scribe will be Brittany!

10/28/2010

Today in class we went over our third infectious disease. the disease was Schistosomiasis. its agent of disease is helminth. It's transmitted by snail infested water. We also watched a video on how people are affected by Maleria in different parts of the world. it wasn't very shocking to see that children were suffering from the disease. I found the video to be very interesting and recommend it to anyone who hasn't seen it already.

Agenda:
1. Hand in 20.2 (if not handed in yesterday)
2. Star/Wish/Attendance
3. DOD #3
4. Quiz
5. Video about Maleria

Homework:
1. UP-12 due Friday. (TOMORROW!)
2. read 20.3 and make Double Bubble map- due Monday
3. Disease postcard due on 11/8
Our next scribe is Gabby Savino:)

Wednesday Post

Today in class was mostly notes about bacteria.
The agenda was:
1)Hand in 20.2 Pictures and words
2)Star/Wish/Attendance
3)DOD (disease of the day) #2
4)Bacteria Notes + video
HW
1)Quiz tomorrow(35.1, 20.1, 20.2)
2)UP 12 due firday
3)Postcard due 11/8
So, the disease of the day was cholera- it is bacteria, it is contaminated by food, diarheal, and you could die from lack of hydration.
to summarize the notes, bacteria is unicellular, prokariotic, has no nuclear membrane, ribosomes, and one "circular" chromosome that doesn't have a beginning or an end like ours. the rod shaped ones are called bacilli, the round ones are cocci, and the spiral one are spirrila.
energy source- heterotrophs get energy from other organisms and autotrophs make thier own food i.e. photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
obigate aerobes need oxygen
obligate anaerobes don't need oxygen
facilitative anaerobes survive with or with out oxygen.
binary fission is where the bacteria divids like in mitosis but with out all the chromosome strands. conjunction is where the bacteria gives genetic material to another cell through a hollow bridge. and spore formation is where the bacteria gains a "coat" to protect itself from harsh conditions.
the next scribe is Omar

John Snow and Cholera

Since I am such a John Snow fan...i found these videos that i thought you might exjoy.  Watch them and email me the answers to the following 2 questions..
1.  Who was often spared from cholera outbreaks and WHY?
2.  What was the name of the other 'protagonist' in Stephen Johnson's book Ghost Map?

T4 Tuesday

Agenda:

1. Take out UP 6-9 w/ stamp sheet
2. Star/wish

3. Go over lab (6-9)
4. Notes- viruses
5. Video: Viruses

Today in class, the first thing we did was we took out our homework so that Mrs. Stein could check to make sure we completed the lab, 6-9.

Next we gave our star and our wish to our last scribe, Aleko.

Next we went over our lab from yesterday, UP 6-9. In "Whom Infected Whom?" The lab groups were all teams of epidemiologists and had to find out who first got the disease and who spread it to others. In most groups, Mr. Paek was the one who had the disease in the first case. Then it got to Ed, who showed no symptoms but infected others. S, Ed was the carrier of the disease.

Then, we took notes on viruses. Lets remember that there are three different kinds of viruses.

-This is a bacteriophage.

This is a tobacco mosaic virus-

-And this is an influenza virus. Which is similar to HIV

This picture is a picture of the lysogenic cycle. In this cycle, the viruses DNA attacks the prokaryotic cells chromosomes. When they split, they have made two virus infected cells.

-This is the cycle of the lytic cycle. Where a bacteriophage lands on a prokaryotic cell and uses its DNA to copy itself.

We also talked about viral diseases. We talked about how viruses attack and destroy cells and how it disrupts homeostasis. And then we talked about common viral diseases: influenza, the cold, HIV, chicken or small pox, warts, and the West Nile.

Finally we finished class with the video on viruses. This went over what we talked about in class a little more in depth.

Homework:

-20.2 "Picture It or Write It" notes due tomorrow

-Quiz Thursday

-Postcard due 11/8

Our next scribe will be Michael R

its monday!!!

Agenda:

turn in cancer papers

take out notes and stampsheet

disscuss posts on the blog

work on the who infected who lab



in class we first turned in our caancer papersthat we have been working on for a long time now and then we disscussed the post on the blog that nobody commented and took some notes on viruses and why they aren't living.






a picture of a virus













next in class we did the lab who infected who? in the lab we had to find out who was the first to get infected by mr. paek and spread the disease that he had. we had to find out ho had it by testing peoplewho had it and who was a carrier which is a person that has the disease but doesn't get the sympotms.

our homework is to finish the lab and to do notes on 20.2
the notes are due wednesday.

our next scrbe will be Steven Cook

Video Thoughts?

Did anyone have any thoughts about Friday's film?  I have seen that film many times now, and everytime I watch it I always really admire those 'disease warriors' who worked so tirelessly to bring vaccines to remote parts of the world.  I feel that so many people are only concerned with themselves... to travel to places like India and Africa to try and rid the world of such horrible diseases really says something about those volunteers..  They really made a difference in the world... not everyone can say they have done so.  How amazing would it be to be able to rid the world of HIV like they did with smallpox? What were your thoughts?  Reply to my post with a comment as to what your thoughts or reflections were on the movie.

The cover of a World Health publication from 1980.

Fun Game Thursday!

Today in class:

We got our grade reports, and did star and a wish. We also started a new unit today, which is Diseases and Immunity. We then took some notes on our new unit and got a new packet and calender for the unit. Then we played the zap game for the rest of the day.

Notes:

Infectious Disease

Disease: Any change that disrupts the body's functions.

Pathogens: Agents which cause infectious diseases Ex. Bacteria and viruses (Cancer is not infectious as it is a mutation of the a cell's DNA)

The Germ theory of Disease-only been around for the last couple hundred of years

Infectious diseases are caused by micro organisms

Pathogens:

Bacteria-are

very small-(Interesting Fact: There are more bacteria than

cells in the human body)

Viruses

Protists-Ex. African Sleeping Sickness

Fungi

And Worms (I didn't want to include a picture for this as it was pretty nasty)

Spread of Disease:

3 Ways to Spread Disease-Physical contact, contaminated food or water, and vectors.

Physical Contact- Can either be direct (Sexual contact) or indirect (airborne, coughing sneezing)

Contaminated food or water-Poor sanitation or raw meat can cause infectious diseases. (Note: Our food here in the US is pretty safe due to laws to make sure companies safely handle food and not spread disease. Some countries don't have these laws)

Vectors- Animals like insects or rats which carry diseases. Examples. West Nile - Insects, Malaria - insects, Rabies-animals and the Bubonic Plague which was carried by rats.

Koch's Postulate:

Robert Koch- German scientist who lived in the late 1800's created and proved his theory, which he named the Koch's Postulate.

HW:

1) UP 4-5

2) Cancer paper which is due on the 25th

Reminders for your paper:

1)Don't turn in paper with contractions (Such as Don't, Won't)

2)Proofread, that means no typos!

3)Remember to include your graph of your cancer risks and some pictures

4)You also might want to bring in a rough draft of your paper to the 5)TLC tomorrow to get help on it.

Our next scribe will be Patrick.