Halloween Friday!!!

Agenda:

Disease of the Day #3

Go over homework

Bacteria Lab

Class Wrap- Up:

Today we started class by going over the disease of the day which was: influenza. We learned that it is transmitted by saliva and can't be killed the symptoms can only be treated. We also learned that we could prevent it by getting vaccinated. After, that we went over UP page 12 which was due today and discussed questions that anyone had about it. Then, we started our bacteria lab. For the lab we had to take cotton swabs and rub commonly used places to gently remove the bacteria. We then rubbed it in to the petri dish that had agar, a sterilizer on it. My group tested the new pit stairs, the boys bathroom, and the door knob in the IMC. They will be sterilized over the weekend and when we come back on Monday we will see how much bacteria there was. After that, we took a bacteria concentrated liquid and rub it on agar as well. We put 3 different antibiotics, Neomycin, Streptomycin, and Tetracycline in areas around the petri dish ad left one to be a control group. We will also check our results on Monday.

The Homework for the weekend is:

Postcard- Due on 11.8.10

20.3- With double bubble map "Viral vs. Bacterial Disease"-Due Monday

UP 13-18 - Due Tuesday

Our next scribe will be Brittany!

10/28/2010

Today in class we went over our third infectious disease. the disease was Schistosomiasis. its agent of disease is helminth. It's transmitted by snail infested water. We also watched a video on how people are affected by Maleria in different parts of the world. it wasn't very shocking to see that children were suffering from the disease. I found the video to be very interesting and recommend it to anyone who hasn't seen it already.

Agenda:
1. Hand in 20.2 (if not handed in yesterday)
2. Star/Wish/Attendance
3. DOD #3
4. Quiz
5. Video about Maleria

Homework:
1. UP-12 due Friday. (TOMORROW!)
2. read 20.3 and make Double Bubble map- due Monday
3. Disease postcard due on 11/8
Our next scribe is Gabby Savino:)

Wednesday Post

Today in class was mostly notes about bacteria.
The agenda was:
1)Hand in 20.2 Pictures and words
2)Star/Wish/Attendance
3)DOD (disease of the day) #2
4)Bacteria Notes + video
HW
1)Quiz tomorrow(35.1, 20.1, 20.2)
2)UP 12 due firday
3)Postcard due 11/8
So, the disease of the day was cholera- it is bacteria, it is contaminated by food, diarheal, and you could die from lack of hydration.
to summarize the notes, bacteria is unicellular, prokariotic, has no nuclear membrane, ribosomes, and one "circular" chromosome that doesn't have a beginning or an end like ours. the rod shaped ones are called bacilli, the round ones are cocci, and the spiral one are spirrila.
energy source- heterotrophs get energy from other organisms and autotrophs make thier own food i.e. photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
obigate aerobes need oxygen
obligate anaerobes don't need oxygen
facilitative anaerobes survive with or with out oxygen.
binary fission is where the bacteria divids like in mitosis but with out all the chromosome strands. conjunction is where the bacteria gives genetic material to another cell through a hollow bridge. and spore formation is where the bacteria gains a "coat" to protect itself from harsh conditions.
the next scribe is Omar

John Snow and Cholera

Since I am such a John Snow fan...i found these videos that i thought you might exjoy.  Watch them and email me the answers to the following 2 questions..
1.  Who was often spared from cholera outbreaks and WHY?
2.  What was the name of the other 'protagonist' in Stephen Johnson's book Ghost Map?

T4 Tuesday

Agenda:

1. Take out UP 6-9 w/ stamp sheet
2. Star/wish

3. Go over lab (6-9)
4. Notes- viruses
5. Video: Viruses

Today in class, the first thing we did was we took out our homework so that Mrs. Stein could check to make sure we completed the lab, 6-9.

Next we gave our star and our wish to our last scribe, Aleko.

Next we went over our lab from yesterday, UP 6-9. In "Whom Infected Whom?" The lab groups were all teams of epidemiologists and had to find out who first got the disease and who spread it to others. In most groups, Mr. Paek was the one who had the disease in the first case. Then it got to Ed, who showed no symptoms but infected others. S, Ed was the carrier of the disease.

Then, we took notes on viruses. Lets remember that there are three different kinds of viruses.

-This is a bacteriophage.

This is a tobacco mosaic virus-

-And this is an influenza virus. Which is similar to HIV

This picture is a picture of the lysogenic cycle. In this cycle, the viruses DNA attacks the prokaryotic cells chromosomes. When they split, they have made two virus infected cells.

-This is the cycle of the lytic cycle. Where a bacteriophage lands on a prokaryotic cell and uses its DNA to copy itself.

We also talked about viral diseases. We talked about how viruses attack and destroy cells and how it disrupts homeostasis. And then we talked about common viral diseases: influenza, the cold, HIV, chicken or small pox, warts, and the West Nile.

Finally we finished class with the video on viruses. This went over what we talked about in class a little more in depth.

Homework:

-20.2 "Picture It or Write It" notes due tomorrow

-Quiz Thursday

-Postcard due 11/8

Our next scribe will be Michael R

its monday!!!

Agenda:

turn in cancer papers

take out notes and stampsheet

disscuss posts on the blog

work on the who infected who lab



in class we first turned in our caancer papersthat we have been working on for a long time now and then we disscussed the post on the blog that nobody commented and took some notes on viruses and why they aren't living.






a picture of a virus













next in class we did the lab who infected who? in the lab we had to find out who was the first to get infected by mr. paek and spread the disease that he had. we had to find out ho had it by testing peoplewho had it and who was a carrier which is a person that has the disease but doesn't get the sympotms.

our homework is to finish the lab and to do notes on 20.2
the notes are due wednesday.

our next scrbe will be Steven Cook

Movie day!!!!

Class

Today in class we watched a movie about infectious diseases. The movie was mostly about smallpox a diseased that is caused by Variola which means spotted. I thought it was amazing how the people in the movie volunteered to go to places like Nigeria and India to distribute the vaccination to people they didn't even know. They became so well known that they had been given the nickname the "disease warriors". I think it was amazing when they finally got to the point where there was only one case left in the entire world and finally once they cured him the world was rid of smallpox.

Smallpox virus

Homework

• cancer essay
• read 20.1 and 6 questions and 6 answers

Our next scribe will be Aleko

Video Thoughts?

Did anyone have any thoughts about Friday's film?  I have seen that film many times now, and everytime I watch it I always really admire those 'disease warriors' who worked so tirelessly to bring vaccines to remote parts of the world.  I feel that so many people are only concerned with themselves... to travel to places like India and Africa to try and rid the world of such horrible diseases really says something about those volunteers..  They really made a difference in the world... not everyone can say they have done so.  How amazing would it be to be able to rid the world of HIV like they did with smallpox? What were your thoughts?  Reply to my post with a comment as to what your thoughts or reflections were on the movie.

The cover of a World Health publication from 1980.

Air Station Praire!!!!

On Saturday I went to the Air Station Prairie. I thought that I was going to be cutting branches, but instead I got to collect seeds from blue stem grass. When we meet at the prairie we had to walk a little bit to even get to the part where we were going. At first we were told to strip the seeds off of the blue stem, but later on we got this really sharp root tool thing that we got to cut the blue stem with. It was a lot of fun until it started to rain and it went downhill from there. I was about to give up, but they called break time and they actually had a lot of good food. We worked for a little bit after that and then it started to downpour, so the thing got canceled a little early. If you go into the center that they have at the entrance of the prairie, you can find some really neat things. For example, the counter tops are made out of sunflower seeds and the drawers are made out of wheat. If you have some free time over the weekend I encourage you to at least make an attempt to go because it is pretty fun and you get extra credit!

Fun Game Thursday!

Today in class:

We got our grade reports, and did star and a wish. We also started a new unit today, which is Diseases and Immunity. We then took some notes on our new unit and got a new packet and calender for the unit. Then we played the zap game for the rest of the day.

Notes:

Infectious Disease

Disease: Any change that disrupts the body's functions.

Pathogens: Agents which cause infectious diseases Ex. Bacteria and viruses (Cancer is not infectious as it is a mutation of the a cell's DNA)

The Germ theory of Disease-only been around for the last couple hundred of years

Infectious diseases are caused by micro organisms

Pathogens:

Bacteria-are

very small-(Interesting Fact: There are more bacteria than

cells in the human body)

Viruses

Protists-Ex. African Sleeping Sickness

Fungi

And Worms (I didn't want to include a picture for this as it was pretty nasty)

Spread of Disease:

3 Ways to Spread Disease-Physical contact, contaminated food or water, and vectors.

Physical Contact- Can either be direct (Sexual contact) or indirect (airborne, coughing sneezing)

Contaminated food or water-Poor sanitation or raw meat can cause infectious diseases. (Note: Our food here in the US is pretty safe due to laws to make sure companies safely handle food and not spread disease. Some countries don't have these laws)

Vectors- Animals like insects or rats which carry diseases. Examples. West Nile - Insects, Malaria - insects, Rabies-animals and the Bubonic Plague which was carried by rats.

Koch's Postulate:

Robert Koch- German scientist who lived in the late 1800's created and proved his theory, which he named the Koch's Postulate.

HW:

1) UP 4-5

2) Cancer paper which is due on the 25th

Reminders for your paper:

1)Don't turn in paper with contractions (Such as Don't, Won't)

2)Proofread, that means no typos!

3)Remember to include your graph of your cancer risks and some pictures

4)You also might want to bring in a rough draft of your paper to the 5)TLC tomorrow to get help on it.

Our next scribe will be Patrick.

Monday, October 18th!

Today, in class...
Turn in our multi-flow map and stampsheet. We then read Britteny's post. After that we discussed and took notes on pH levels, how they effect enzymes, and about cancer.

Homework...

STUDY FOR TEST! (Wednesday)

Cancer paper (10/25)

Turnitin.com account needs to be set up (TOMORROW!)

Notes!

Regulating Cell Cycle

Cyclins- proteins that regulate the cell cycle.

~They signal for the formation of the spindle aparatus during interphase

~They also tell a cell to divide when it should, and prevent a cell from dividing when it shouldn't

Internal Regulation- proteins that are found within a cell. They check if a cell is prepared for mitosis.

~Internal things needed for mitosis: Spindle fibers, replicated DNA, etc.

~If DNA is mutated, these proteins will not function properly.

External Regulation- are outside the cell. They are signals to speed up or slow down cell division.

~Contact inhibition

~Healing a wound.

Plant & Animal Cells in Mitosis

The major difference between plant and animal cells during mitosis is that plant cells form a cell plate during telophase, while animals cells pinch apart at the cleavage furrow. Also, animal cells have centrioles and plant cells do not.

Don't forget tomorrow is a BIO DAY so we will meet in the LYCEUM!

Our next scribe is

Michael Lenckos

T.G.I.F.

Today in class…

We finished up our mitosis lab with the onion cells and turned in pages UP44-51. We talked more about mitosis and what it is.

Mitosis

*Have 4 stages

Prophase-

-Chromosomes condense

-Nuclear membrane disappears

-Spindle fibers form as centrioles move toward the poles.

Metaphase-

- Chromosomes line up along the cell center

- Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers at the centromers

Anaphase-

-Sister chromatids separate and move toward the poles.

Telephone-

-Last step of mitosis

-Individual chromosomes gather at poles

-Nuclear membrane reforms

cytokinesis

-Cell pinches in half

-Two cells form

*Animal cell-cleavage furrows

Here’s a video on mitosis…

Homework

-Read pages 43-44 in text book

-Read section 10.3 and read UP 52B-52D and use the flow map note taking skill about the “causes/effects of unregulated cell cycle.”(Go on moodle or look in your packet for the outline of the flow map)

Reminders!!!

- Create a student account by Tuesday

- Cancer paper due October 25

- Cell test on Wednesday!!!

Cell test

*Look over labs and make sure you understand them!!

-Enzyme pre lab

-Mitosis lab

-Plasmolysis lab

-Cell structures and function lab

* Reread the sections in the book about cells

*Look over cell quiz

 

The next scribe is Bailey

The Scribe List - Cycle 2

This is The Scribe List. Every possible scribe in our class is listed here. This list will be updated every day. If you see someone's name crossed off on this list then you CANNOT choose them as the scribe for the next class.


This post can be quickly accessed from the [Links] list over there on the right hand sidebar. Check here before you choose a scribe for tomorrow's class when it is your turn to do so.


IMPORTANT: Make sure you label all your Scribe Posts properly (Your Name, Unit Title, Scribe) or they will not be counted.


David                Gabby                    Julie                  Aleko
Nick                  Celia                     JoshuaJ                  Bailey                Monica
Nawon                 Feaux                     Hannah              Samantha
Steven               Brittany                 JoshuaK                 Andjela
Olivia                 Lucija                   Emma                     Alan                  Ashley
Daniel                MichealL              MichealR                 Omar

October 14th Blog

Today in class we were doing the mitosis lab-UP 44-51. Before we started Mrs. Stein showed us the process of cell division with our hands then showing us an animation of of cell division. Here I have some pictures of what we saw in the microscope during the lab. And as for Lab 18 in the packet, we will work on that tomorrow.
We also discussed the cancer paper. Mrs. Stein went over the rubric and reminded us about citations and where to find research.


Here is the agenda and homework for today
1) Hand in Mitosis Color Code
2) Cancer Paper- questions about the rubric?
3) Notes-mitosis w/ animation
4) Work on mitosis lab-UP 44-51

HW:
UP 44-51 due at the end of class tomorrow
Cancer Paper-10/25

The next Scribe is Brittany

10/13/2010

Today we had a late arrival so we didn't have time to do much in class but we did check in our cancer graphs and got our stamp sheets stamped. We also took some notes on mitosis and had the rest of the class time to work on our mitosis color code which is homework if you did not finish in class.

Homework
Finish mitosis color code wit annotations due tomorrow.
Work on research for cancer project due on Monday, September 25

Mitosis Notes
G1- cell grows, normal functions of life

S phase- DNA and chromosomes are replicated

G2- cell grows and prepares for mitosis by making proteins and structures needed for division.

M phase- physical division of cell

- in interphase chromosomes appear as chromatin

- when mitosis begins chromatin condenses to form visible chromosomes

- sister chromatids are identical halves of a duplicated chromosome

our next scribe is Michael Ruderman

Extra Credit!!! Shhhh!!!! It's a secret!

Click on this picture and play the Cell Cycle game!  Who is the "supervisor" in the game?  Email me the answer!  Extra credit will be awarded to the first 5 people from each section who email me the correct answer PRIOR to the start of class.  Don't tell anyone. Shhhhh!

Enzymes

Here is the enzyme picture i showed you in class... be sure it makes sense to you!

WEEK 8

OCTOBER 11, 2010





Today we got back


Cell structure and function lab

Cell quiz

Normal and Plasmolyzed cells lab

Animal and Plant cell coloring packet


Grade reports


Today in class we


Picked up papers

Went over the homework

Finished Enzyme Lab in class


We learned about


Cytolysis-


Cyto- cell lysis-to break Cytolysis-cell breaking


Catalyst-

• A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction


• Catalysts decrease the amount of energy needed to start the chemical reaction


• Does not get used during the reaction
  
  

Enzymes

• Proteins that act as biological catalysts


• Enzymes are very specific (Substrates fit like "lock and key")


• Affested by changes in pH, temperature, and substrate concentration
  

Homework-

• Finish Enzyme Lab if you didn't finish in class


• Read Sections 10.1-10.2 and make a flow map


• Begin Cancer Survey on moodle
  
  

Next Scribe will be OMAR ADIL

Fun Lab Friday

Agenda

1) Hand in Plasmolyosis Lab UP-36-37
2) Take out Enzyme Prelab w/ your stampsheet
3) Enzyme Lab

Homework
1) Enzyme Lab - Dues Tuesday
2) Read 10.1 and 10.2 in textbook - Due Tuesday
*Flow Map "cell cycle"
* See Moodle for help
3) Extra Credit! - Tomorrow


Mrs. Stein started off the class by showing us an amazing demonstration of enzymes reacting to other substances. In this demonstration she had hydrogen peroxide, potassium iodine (our enzyme), and a huge cylinder. She poured only a little bit of the hydrogen peroxide in the cylinder and then she sped up the diffusion by adding potassium iodine and in a matter of one second, the hydrogen peroxide foamed like crazy and shot out of the cylinder. Of course, before this experiment, Mrs. Stein had put on her goggles and reminded everyone that they should be worn in the lab we we're about to do. This was a fun demonstration that got every ones attention the second the substance started foaming up. Now every single person was astonished and awake.

Then later on we started our Enzyme Lab and we were assigned to find out how the catalase reacted in our group’s different temperatures. In the lab we used hydrogen peroxide, sucrose solution, catalase, and water. We were to do three experiments in all, and in almost all of them, the substance started to bubble.

Then towards the end of class we were supposed to have experiments with the substances in our specific temperatures. We did as many experiments as we could until class was over.

Our next scribe is David

Cells, cells, and more cells!

AGENDA:
1) Quiz

2) Bring up 34-35 with stampsheet

3) Discuss diffusion lab and osmosis in cells

4) Discuss pH, enzymes and tomorrow's lab

5) Plasmolyzed lab on UP 36-37

HOMEWORK:

1) Finish Normal And Plasmolyzed Cells on UP 36 and 37

2) Enzymes pre-lab

For enzymes pre-lab, use UP 24-27 and section 2.4 to help answer the questions.

First off, we completed the quiz and got our stamps for homework completion. Afterward, we discussed the diffusion lab and osmosis in cells.

In the diffusion lab, we came to the conclusion that the iodine diffused into the membrane and the glucose diffused out of the membrane. We also came to the conclusion that the starch did not diffuse because the molecules were too big to pass through the membrane.

For osmosis, Mrs. Stein explained a situation in where the cell had 1% salt and 99% water and was put in an environment where there was 100% water. The surrounding water would perform osmosis and enter the cell. Since there is 100% water, it's more than the cell can handle, the cell explodes. This is also known as cytolysis.

We also discussed another situation about adding salt water to a fresh water plant, which was also what we did for our lab in class today. The cell origianally has 99% of water and the environment has 94% of water. The cell has more water than it's environment. Osmosis occurs and the 94% of water diffuses into the cell, which is less than the original amount of water it had. Since it doesn't have as much water, the cell becomes dehydrated. This causes the cell membrane to pull away from the cell wall. This is called plasmolysis.

For the lab, we had to make two wet mounts which both consisted of a leaf from the Elodea plant. We were to observe and record the results. Look below for pictures from the results of the lab.

This is the Elodea leaf with salt water. Sorry the picture is a bit small but the yellow outlined is the cell wall and the red outlined is the cell membrane. The cell wall is in it's normal shape but the cell memrane began to pull away.

CLOSE UP VERSION OF ELODEA LEAF IN THE PROCESS OF PLASMOLYSIS.

This is what the Elodea leaf originally looks like with fresh water.

Next Scribe- Josh Kim.

IT'S WEDNESDAY!!! =)

TEST TOMMOROW!!!!! REMEMBER TO STUDY!!!!!

We started today’s class by handing in our homework. We turned in our color codes and got stamps for our definition maps and prelab. We then setup our labs by putting glucose solution into our “sausages”, tying it off then putting it in a beaker with 200ml of water and some iodine. While we let them sit in the water we went back to our seats and took some notes and talked about the lab. After that we went back over to see what happened to our “sausages” and answered the lab questions.

Notes

Cell (plasma) membrane:
Selectively permeable - regulates what enters and exits the cell
Lipid bilayer (2 layers of lipids)
Mosaic model - contains many types of proteins, pumps, channels and receptors

Diffusion:
particles move from areas of high concentration to low concentration
particles move until equilibrium is reached
particles move passively - no energy (ATP) required

Osmosis:
diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Homework:

finish lab (UP page's 34-35)

extra credit

TUESDAY!!!

Hand in:
Check my understanding.

Today we went over a few more slides on cells and took notes on those. Yesturday the slides were put up on moodle today we had to write down the information. Mrs. stein informed us that the quizz has been moved to thursday!!! After we finished taking notes we had the rest of the class period to work on homework. We had 3 things we could of been doing, prelab, coloring/anotating, or deffinition maps.

homework:
~deffinition maps
~anotate/color colorcodes
~prelab.

next scribe: Kajsa

Cells and Organelles!

Agenda: 
1.) Hand in UP 9-14
2.) Take out organelle chart and stampsheet
3.) Notes on organelles
4.) Work on colorcode/annotations

The first thing we did in class today was to hand in the UP 9-14 lab that we worked on last week. Then, Mrs. Stein checked our organelle chart and gave us two Elmo stamps on our stampsheet.

Next, we quickly reviewed the differences of a plant and animal cell. Remember that a plant cell has a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large centrical vacuole, while an animal doesn't. An animal cell does contain a centriole, though, while a plant cell doesn't. The most important hings that both cells have in common is that they both contain DNA, have cyotoplasm, and a cell membrane.

We also took notes on the nucleus, ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), golgi bodies, and chloroplasts. 

Nucleus 

The nucleus contains DNA and the instructions for making proteins. A nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus and has pores that allow materials to pass through the membrane. Inside the nucleus, DNA is stored in the form of chromatin. During mitosis, chromatin condenses into chromosomes. The nucleolus is found in the center of the nucleus and is the site of ribosomes assembly. It is made out of RNA and protein.

Model of a cell's nucleus

Ribosomes and ER 

Ribosomes are in charge of making proteins. They can be found floating in cytoplasm or they can be attached to the ER. The ER transports materials through the cell and is the site of lipid assembly. There are two types of ER. There's rough ER and smooth ER. Rough ER is involved in the transportation of ribosomes and they are attached to the outside of it. Smooth ER doesn't have ribosomes attached to its surface  and is mostly involved in lipids. 

A model of ribosomes and the ER

Golgi Apparatus 

 The golgi body sorts, modifies, and packages proteins and other materials. It receives materials from the ER and them ships them to specific places in the cell. They're like the UPS guys of the cell.

A model of the Golgi body 

 

Chloroplasts 

Chloroplasts can only be found in the plants and algea. It's the site of photosynthesis where light energy is converted into chemical energy. Chloroplasts also contain chlorophyll which gives the cell its green color. 

After we finished taking our notes, we started working on the colorcode worksheets that Mrs. Stein gave us. We were supposed to annotate it, and then color in the organelles according to the what it says. Remember to also shade in the titles of the color you used, so that it'll be easier for Mrs. Stein to grade. 

Our homework for tonight is: 

1.) the colorcodes (due Wed.) 

2.) Read pgs. 226-228/ pgs. 250-251 and do a seperate "check my understanding" for each 

3.) Quiz Wed. 

The next scribe will be Ashley

Microscope Friday!

so hey everyone I finally posted a blog sorry it took so long!

to make it up i will post Thursdays and Fridays blogs.


Agenda:

• Discuss cell types pg 3,4 in UP
• Start cell lab (up) p. 9-14

HW:

• Read ch. 7
• Organelle chart

Agenda:

• Finish cell lab p. 9-14

HW:

• Finish cell lab p. 9-14
• Organelle Chart due: Mon

On Thursday in class we took some notes and then we started on the lab looking at different types of cells. during that time we had people go up one at a time to take a quick microscope test to see if we can use one. people who couldnt take it last week have a chance this week and people who failed and can try again.

Elodea leaf cell









This is an example of what we saw in the lab we were doing.



On Friday we were finishing up our cell labs and there was not much we did in class except for the lab. our only homework is to finish the pages 9-14 in our packets and do the blue organelle chart by Monday.








Human cheek cell








The next scribe will be Monica!