Thursday!

In Class:

Today in class we worked on a classification lab for vertebrates in our unit packet that was on pages 41 and 42. When people were finished with that, we worked on a yellow vertebrate comparison chart.

Animal of the Day:

#7 was a Blobfish.

This animal is the class, Osteichthyes

The blobfish is native to Australia

Found at the depths where the pressure is 30 times higher than at sea level

Homework:

• Finish yellow "Comparison of Vertebrate" chart
• Tv add due 2/28
• Study for test 3/1

The next scribe is Lucija! :)

Wooot Wednesday

In Class:

We watched a movie about all different kinds of animals and how they survive in their surroundings. We wrote down 20 facts, thoughts, or questions about the movie and handed it in.

Facts from the movie:

• Antarctica can reach temperatures of 40 below
• the seal is the only animal that can live there permanently
• seals keep warm by generating heat within the body, while the fur keeps it trapped inside
• the flies can drain a pint of blood per day, in order to avoid these flies, reindeer go to higher grounds
• fruit bats live in the congo, their wings are one meter across
• 10 million fruit bats fly hundreds of kilometers to a huge swamp with a large supply of mangos
• the ice that the polar bears live and hunt is melting, causing many problems for the species

ANIMAL OF THE DAY #6

-Narwhal

(found in the arctic, type of white whale, 4-5 meters, 680-1590 kg)

Homework:

1. UP 54-55
2. TV ad 2/28
3. Test 3/1

the next scribe is JCLOUDDD <---- happy wednesdayy;)

Tuesday!

Agenda

1)Hand in UP 19-27

Hand in profile

2) Discuss invertebrates + AOD

3)Arthropod lab UP 28-31

Homework

1) Finish UP 29-31

2) see moodle for reading assignments

3)TV ad- 2/2

4) Test 3/1

Animal of the Day

The Frill-Necked Lizard

• Class: Reptilia
• a.k.a. "Frilled Dragon"
• 1 meter in length
• large ruff of skin supported by spines of cartilage, exposed when scared
• frill might help with thermoregulation
• runs bipedally, often climbs trees to avoid predators
• status: endangered

Arthropod Lab

We observed 3 different arthropods at our lab benches with our assigned lab groups. We looked at a grasshopper, crayfish, and a spider.

There was a chart we filled out about the characteristics of these arthropods.

Mrs.Stein will be gone Wednesday and Thursday

The next scribe is Olivia.

FR!D@Y.

AGENDA:

1) Take out green chart with stampsheet.
2) Animal of the Day.
3) Lab!

HOMEWORK:
1) UP pages 14 and 19-27
2) Profile due 2/22
3) Video due 2/28

Animal of the Day:
Dumbo Octopus

• Phylum: Mollusca
• Grow up to 20 cm
• Have ear-like fins at the top of their bodies
• Lives in the benthic zone, living at extreme depths
• Status: not considered to be endangered

Lab:

We had to go around to different stations and observe animals and answer questions about them.

We also had to look at jars and figure out what phylum they belong in according to a chart that was given. (Look below for example)

Example of a taxonomic key.

The next scribe is Josh.

Happy Wednesday!!

Today we started class with our third animal of the day. It was called an Axolotl. Its in the class amphibia. What makes this animal different from a lot of other animals is that it does not go through metamorphosis.Next we looked at an evolunary tree. This shows organisms and how long ago they had a common ancestor.

We learned about radial and bilateral symmetry

bilateral symmetry - is when a single imaginary plane divides the body into left and right sides that are mirror images of each other.

radial symmetry - is when any number of imaginary planes drawn through the center of the body could divide it into equal halves.

Homework: Green chart due friday! (use DOT pages 30-45 in the back of the book)

read sections 26.1 and 26.2 don't forget profile due feb. 22 and t.v. add due feb. 28

LAD THURSDAY!!!

Today we worked on two labs one on pages 19 through 27 and the other one starts on page 14

on page 14 we have to identify the different animals in the different jars. All you have to do is look at the key on page 13 in the unit packet and figure out which phylum each organism is in. The second lab we went around to 8 different stations and answer the questions. some of the answers will be in our biology book and some answers will be in the book from last year. we also got to see a live centipede and learned the differences between a centipede and a millipede. Another interesting thing we experienced today was hearing a cockroach hiss.

homework: finish the two labs pages 14 and 19-27 due on tuesday

Green chart due tomorrow

profile due feb. 22

t.v. add due feb. 28

the next scribe is Andjela

Another Tuesday

ANIMAL OF THE DAY

Star Nosed Mole

-class mammalia

-uses sense of touch to find food

6 KINGDOM SYSTEM NOTES

Kingdom Archeabacteria

-formally called kingdom Monera

-single celled and prokaryotic

- no peptidoglycan

Kingdom Eubacteria

-formally called kingdom Monera

-single celled and prokaryotic

-peptidoglycan

-most bacteria was encountered

Kingdom "Protista"

-all eukaryoric

-most are unicellular some multicellular

-heterotrophic or autotrophic(photosynthesis)

-very diverse kingdom

ex. amoeba, paramecia

Kingdom Fungi

-eukaryotic

-single celled or multicellular

-cell wall made of chitin

-heterotrophs, decomposers

ex. yeast, mushrooms, mold

Kingdom plantae

-eakaryoric

-multicellular

-autotrophic

-cell wall made of cellulose

Kingdom Animalia

-eukaryoric

-multicellular

-heterotrophic

-no cell wall

SHARK LAB

Today we did a biological key lab. Classification is a way to separate large groups of closely related organisms into smaller subgroups. The key to making a biological key is listing specific characteristics, such as structure and behavior, in a way the organism can be identified.

In this lab we...

(a) used key to identify 14 shark families

(b) study how to make a key

(c) constructs our own key for the fish and leaves(needles)

HOMEWORK

finish UP 9-12(shark lab)

read 26.1

REMINDERS

T.V. add due 2/28

invertebrate project due 2/22

Sam is our next scribe

New Unit!! Animal Diversity

In the beginning of the class we picked up a new calendar, unit packet, and animal of the day slide.

Agenda:
1) Grade Reports!
2) Reading check 18.1
3) Introduction to Profile Project- UP p.3
4)Discuss Taxonomy
5) Aliens!

Homework:
1)Read 18.3- Cornell notes
2) Profile Project- due February 22
3) TV Ad- due February 28

**Note... be sure to make the drawing on profile project in COLOR

Notes taken in class

Taxonomy

• The study of organizing and classifying organisms

• Based on..

-Evolutionary relationships
-Biochemical & DNA similarities

• Taxa-the grouping

-examples of taxon:
~Kingdom- broadest
~Phylum
~Class
~Order
~Family
~Genus
~Species- most specific

Naming System

• Binomial Nomenclature- genus + species name
• uses Latin
• Developed by Carolus Linnaeus "father of taxonomy"
• Examples: Homo Sapien and Felis domesticus
• Scientific names must be italicized, if handwritten underlined. Also the Genus is Capitalized and species is lower case

Animal of the Day #1 : Hagfish

• Class: Agnatha
• 17.7-23.6in (45-60cm)
• Found in deep water
• Jawless fish with unusual feeding habits
• Avoid predators by "sliming" and tying self into overhand to scrap slime off after escape
• Used for meat and skin
• Status: populations are plentiful

Our next scribe is Brittany

Test Review!

For the test you can study off your objectives list but, here is some general terms and information you need to know for the test...

People: Jean Baptiste de Lemark- first to recognize organism change. He had 3 key assumptions:

1. Desire to Change



2. Law of Use and Disuse



3. Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

Charles Darwin- Credited for theory of evolution. He sailed on The Beagle in 1831 to the Galapagos Islands. There he observed tortoises, iguanas and finches. The islands had different climates and vegetation and the animals were similar but, had noticeable differences. He published Origin of Species in 1858.
Terms:
Fitness- How well a organism survives and reproduces in its environment Adaption- Hertiable characteristics that increase fitness

Darwin's theory was accepted and he was correct, not Lemark. Darwin's theory are supported but these 4 key things:

1. Homologous Structures- Structures in organism similar but, in different species



2. Vestigal Structures- Inherited structures but now have no function



3. Biochemical Similarities- Amino acid and hystamine sequence similar



4. Similarities in embryos- The embryos of fertilized eggs look similar at the beginning of reproduction

Speciation: Species: A group of organism that interbreed to produce fertile offspring under normal conditions. These organisms change in 3 ways:

1. Gradualism- Change in species is slow and steady



2. Punctuated Equilibrium- Long periods of stability followed by short periods of rapid change



3. Genetic Drift- Random chance
   

Isolation Mechanisms: Allow new species to form. -Reproductive isolation is the separation of a population. It needs to occur. The organism do not interbreed and gene pools become separate. There are 3 main types:

1. Behavioral- Have different courtship rituals



2. Geographical- Separated geographically



3. Temporal- When species reproduce at different times
   

Ancient Earth: Miller- Urey Experiment: Reproduced conditions of ancient earth. Exp: Electric sparks stimulated lightning and showed how Amino Acids formed.

• Photosynthesis: Gave rise to atmosphere with oxygen



• Aerobic Respiration: Cellular Respiration (Production of ATP) that requires oxygen



• Sexual Reproduction: Cells from 2 parents unite to form the cell of a new organism
  

Fossils: Preserved remain and traces of organisms that are ancient

• Paleontologist: Scientist who study fossils



• Radioactive Dating: Used to estimate age of fossils



• Sedimentary Rock: When sediments build up out of sands, mud and clays either in desert or bottom of body of water



• Half-Life: amount of time it takes for half radioactive atoms to decay

Primates: Animals with following characteristics:

• Binocular Vision- Ability to merge visual images from both eyes


• Prehensile: Long tails that can tightly coil around a tree branch (Only some primates)


• Developed Brains


• Long fingers and toes


• Oppossable thumbs- Can grab objects and use tools


• Bipedal- Walk on 2 feet


• Hominid- Belong to group of anthropoids including humans, chimps and gorillas

Hominine Evolution:

1. Ardipithecus Ramedus "Ardi"- 4.4 Mya
2. Australopithecus Affrensis "Lucy"-3.2 Mya
3. Homo Habilis "Handy Man" - 2 Mya (Used tools and was first genus of Homo)
4. Homo Erectus "Java Man" - 1 Mya (First to use fire)
5. Homo Neanderthalensis - 200,00 years ago
6. Homo Sapien- 100,000 years ago (Humans)

You can also use your textbook to study chapters:

• 15
• 16
• 17
• 32
• 19.1
• 23.6

Make sure you look over your labs as well:

• Breakfast for Birds
• Evidence of Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Variation in Grasshopper legs
• Radioactive Dating
• Evolutionary Changes in Primates

I hope this helps! Good Luck!

Grasshoppers

Today in class we handed in UP Pages 42-47 and got 23.6- Check My Understanding stamped. Then, we took some notes on primates. Here is a summary:
What is a Primate?
A Primate has:

• Binocular Vision
• Developed Brain
• Long Fingers and Toes
• Rotating Shoulders

What Makes Us Human?
- Characteristics of the Hominine Family

• Bipedal
• Opposable Thumps
• Larger Brains

Hominine Evolution

• Ardipithecus Ramedus "Ardi"-4.4 Mya
• Australopithecus Afrensis "Lucy" - 3.2 Mya
• Homo Habilis "Handy Man" - 2 Mya (Used tools, First genus of homo)
• Homo Erectus "Java Man"-1 Mya (First to use fire)
• Homoneanderthalensis - 200,000 years ago
• Homo Sapien (Modern Human)- 100,000 years ago

Chimps are our closest relative, we did NOT evolve from them.
The last thing we did in class was The Variation in Grasshoppers Lab. We had to measure the lengths of adult size femurs and find the average size.
Homework:
Study for Test- Friday
TV Ad - February 28
The next scribe will be Hannah!

Tuesday

Today we had a late arrival. When we got into class we went over the scribe from last night. Since we had late arrival we also had shortened periods so Ms. Stein gave us the rest of the class period to work on lab 32 ( UP 42-47).

Homework:
-Lab 32 ( UP 42-47) if you did not finish in class. Due tomorrow
-26.3 read with " Check my Understanding" Due tomorrow
-Test Friday
-Tv Ad Due February 28th

M+Ms

Last Friday in class we turned in our Natural Selection Lab and our 4 Corners vocabulary squares. Then we talked more about natural selection and how it works and how camoflague plays an important role in some types of natural selection. We also took a pretest that didn't count with a partner. Then we took some notes.
Today in class we handed in our flow map and got a stamp for doing the U.P. 33-36. We also got our Natural Selection Lab back and our 4 Corners Vocabulary Squares back. We then took down some notes and watched a short part of a video. After the video, we did an M+M Lab and took data. The M+Ms represented atoms.

Notes-

ANATOMICAL EVIDENCE

comparative anatomy- study of similarities and differences between organisms

• homologous structures
• analogous structures
• vestigial organs

HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES

as similar organisms adapt to different environments, the function of their appendinges changed

• a bird's arms became wings to flap
• a human's arm is used to hold things

ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES

different organisms began living in similar environments, their appendages evolved to preform the same function

• a butterfly has wings to fly that are made from an exoskeleton
• a sparrow has wings to fly that are made from an endoskeleton

VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES

structures which remain in organisms but have no obvious function

• leg bones in snakes and whales
• appendix in humans
• ear muscles in humans

COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY

organisms with similar embryos are though to be more closely related

BIOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE

chimp and human hemoglobin are VERY similar

GENETIC VARIATION

in terms of genetics evolution is the change in frequency of alleles in populations gene pools.

natural selection leads to change in gene frequency.

GENETIC DRIFT

changes in the gene pool of a small population due to change.

Occurs when a small group colonizes a new habitat-founder effect

SPECIATION

species- group of organisms that interbreed to produce fertile offspring under normal conditions

gradualism- change in species is slow and steady

punctuated equilibrium- long periods of stability followed by short periods of rapid change

SPECIATION-ISOLATING MECHANISMS

for new species to form reproductive isolation need to occur

organisms don't interbreed

-gene pools become separate

• behavioral
• geographic
• temporal

ADAPTIVE RADIATION

a single species evolves into many species

often occurs when a niche opens up

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION

organisms come to resemble one another but evolved differently

source of analogous structures

examples

• dolphins and sharks
• marsupials and mammals

COEVOLUTION

organisms with close ecological relationships evolve together

• pollinators and flowers
• poisonous plants and insects

RELATIVE DATING

used to ESTIMATE the age of fossils

older fossils are in deeper layers of rock

determines the absolute age

radioactive elements decay at a steady rate

ANCIENT EARTH

atmosphere was compsed of gases

earth formed about 4.6 million years ago

FIRST ORGANIC MOLECULES

1950's Miller and Urey reproduced conditions of ancient Earth

electric sparks simulated lighting

AAs began to form

HOMEWORK

pg. 31-32

26.3 check my understanding due weds

test Friday

T.V. ad-2/28

Next Scribe is Omar

Blizzard Tuesday

(February 2, 2011)

Homework:

1. Read Chapter 19 no strategy needed
2. Finish lab 38
3. Due Flow map on 19.3

Notes:

We took notes on Tuesday and here are my notes:

• Homologous structures-the organisms don't have to use the structure the same way but the structure looks very similar. One way I remember what Homologous structure is the start to homologous-homo which means similar or same
• Analogous structures-same function but different structure ,but if put in the same environment natural selection would probably make the structure the same. My hint for this is Analogous structure reminds me of the word analogies and an analogy is like an Analogous structure.
• Vestigial structures-structures that exist in an organisms but serve no purpose.
• Comparative Embryology- a comparison between embryos. My clue to remember this is Embryology contains embryo and that what it involves.
• Molecular biology-finds similarities in amino acids and DNA and RNA

On Tuesday we went over the notes above and then we started the lab that we have for homework.

Our next scribe will be David

It's Snowmageddon! A Blizzaster!, The Snowpolalypse!

Hey everyone! Hope you are enjoying your day off! If you are reading this, post something about your snow day!  Maybe a picture of the snow?  So, just a friendly reminder that it would be WONDERFUL if you keep on track with the homework on moodle.. you will not be penalized if you don't, however, your weekend will be bogged down with homework if you don't!  Why am I asking you to do this?

1.  The test is STILL planned for next week (last I hear, still Weds.... but now that tomorrow is cancelled to, not sure if that will be)
2.  The test will STILL cover the same information
3.  You're gonna have to do it anyway!
4.  You'll have less to do over the weekend!

That is my CAR behind Max!!!

Be safe everyone!  See you soon!